Investigating the Interplay of Academic Stress, Anxiety, and Sleep Disturbances in College Students
Abstract
Poor sleep quality negatively affects students' cognitive abilities. Meanwhile, improperly managed academic stress and anxiety exacerbates sleep disorders, potentially impeding academic performance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between academic stress, anxiety, and sleep disorders among students. The research employed a quantitative, correlational design, with 109 students from Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci, Indonesia, as research participants. Data were collected using instruments such as the Sleep Quality Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.969), Academic Anxiety Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.956), and Academic Stress Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.980). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, as well as simple and multiple regression tests. The results indicate a correlation between the level of academic stress and academic anxiety and the incidence of sleep disorders in college students. In summary, higher levels of academic stress and anxiety increase the likelihood of individuals experiencing sleep disorders. It is expected that future research will expand the sample population to allow for more generalizable results for the student population.
References
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Alsolami, M. A., Almohammadi, N. H., Saed, H., Alasmari, M. A., & Aljadaani, H. M. (2020). 3 Classified Diagnosis of Sleep Disorders and 4 Treatment: A Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4(11), 001–006. https://doi.org/10.24911/IJMDC.51-1606756076
Amir, N. Y., Hamid, H., & Ridfah, A. (2023a). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Makassar. 1(12), 687–692. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10458739
Amir, N. Y., Hamid, H., & Ridfah, A. (2023b). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Makassar. Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(12), 687–692. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10458739
Aristawati, ananta, & Firdaus. (2020). Kecemasan Akademik Mahasiswa Menjelang Ujian Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 1(1), 73–80.
Busari, A. O. (n.d.). Academic stress among undergraduate students: Measuring the effects of stress inoculation techniques. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 599–609.
Cassady, J. C., & Johnson, R. E. (2002). Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27(2), 270–295. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2001.1094
Cassady, J. C., Pierson, E. E., & Starling, J. M. (2019). Predicting Student Depression With Measures of General and Academic Anxieties. Frontiers in Education, 4, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00011
De La Fuente, J., Peralta-Sánchez, F. J., Martínez-Vicente, J. M., Sander, P., Garzón-Umerenkova, A., & Zapata, L. (2020). Effects of Self-Regulation vs. External Regulation on the Factors and Symptoms of Academic Stress in Undergraduate Students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1773. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01773
Deng, J., Zhang, L., Cao, G., & Yin, H. (2023). Effects of Adolescent Academic Stress on Sleep Quality: Mediating Effect of Negative Affect and Moderating Role of Peer Relationships. Current Psychology, 42(6), 4381–4390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01803-7
Devi, C. B. P., Samreen, S., & Kumari, N. K. (2018). A Review on Insomnia: The Sleep Disorder. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 7(12), 227–230.
Do, S. H. (2022). Common Sleep Disorders in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. American Family Physician, 105(4), 398–405.
Fishstrom, S., Wang, H.-H., Bhat, B. H., Daniel, J., Dille, J., Capin, P., & Vaughn, S. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Academic Interventions on Academic Achievement and Academic Anxiety Outcomes in Elementary School Children. Journal of School Psychology, 92, 265–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2022.03.011
Ghawa, E. Y. D., Lidia, K., & Buntoro, I. F. (2021). Hubungan Antara Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Kualitas Tidur Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ), 9(2), 222–230. https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v9i2.5974
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Han, K. S., Kim, L., & Shim, I. (2012). Stress and Sleep Disorder. Experimental Neurobiology, 21(4), 141–150. https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141
Herawati, K., & Gayatri, D. (2019). The Correlation Between Sleep Quality and Levels of Stress Among Students in Universitas Indonesia. Enfermería Clínica, 29, 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.044
Hotijah, S., Dewi, E. I., & Kurniyawan, E. H. (2021a). Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Baru Luar Pulau Jawa Universitas Jember. e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan, 9(2), 111–115.
Hotijah, S., Dewi, E. I., & Kurniyawan, E. H. (2021b). Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Baru Luar Pulau Jawa Universitas Jember. e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan, 9(2), 111–115.
Husnar, A. Z., Saniah, S., & Nashori, F. (2017). Harapan, Tawakal, dan Stres Akademik. Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 2(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v2i1.1179
Kalmbach, D. A., Anderson, J. R., & Drake, C. L. (2018). The impact of stress on sleep: Pathogenic sleep reactivity as a vulnerability to insomnia and circadian disorders. Journal of Sleep Research, 27(6), e12710. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12710
Kumar, V. M. (2008). Sleep and Sleep Disorders. Sleep Disorders, 50, 130–136.
Kusumastuti, D. (2020). Kecemasan dan Prestasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa. Analitika, 12(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.31289/analitika.v12i1.3110
Li, Y., Bai, W., Zhu, B., Duan, R., Yu, X., Xu, W., Wang, M., Hua, W., Yu, W., Li, W., & Kou, C. (2020). Prevalence and Correlates of Poor Sleep Quality Among college students: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18(1), 210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01465-2
Lisiswanti, R., Saputra, O., Sari, M. I., & Zafirah, N. H. (2019). Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. J Agromedicine, 6(1), 68–71.
Maisa, E. A., Andrial, A., Murni, D., & Sidaria, S. (2021a). Hubungan Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Program Alih Jenjang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 438. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1345
Maisa, E. A., Andrial, A., Murni, D., & Sidaria, S. (2021b). Hubungan Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Program Alih Jenjang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 438. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1345
Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumy, H., Sedek, H., Omar, H., & Ayman, S. (2023). Investigating the relationship of sleep quality and psychological factors among Health Professions students. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 19, 100581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100581
Noveni, N. A., Wijaya, D. A. P., Putri, M., & Rahmawati, P. (2022). Seberapa Besar Peran Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Stres Akademik Mahasiswa? Psychopolytan : Jurnal Psikologi, 6(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.36341/psi.v6i1.2694
Novitria, F., Khoirunnisa, & Riza Noviana. (2022). Perbedaan Kecemasan Akademik pada Mahasiswa Baru Jurusan Psikologi Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 9(1), 11–20.
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Palasamy, J., Moorthy, S. K., Bodinagoda, N. M. R., Singam, P. T., & Ravi, P. (n.d.). Association between academic stress and sleep quality among undergraduate medical students. Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 7(1), 1-10.
Permata, K. A., & Widiasavitri, P. N. (2019). Hubungan Antara Kecemasan Akademik dan Sleep Paralysis pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana tahun Pertama. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 6(01), 1. https://doi.org/10.24843/JPU.2019.v06.i01.p01
Ramadita, A. M., Harsanti, I., & Harmoni, A. (2023). Pengaruh Stres Akademik Terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. Arjwa: Jurnal Psikologi, 2(4), 212–222. https://doi.org/10.35760/arjwa.2023.v2i4.9620
Sanitiara, Elda nazrianti, & Firdaus. (2014). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademis dengan Regulasi Diri Dalam Belajar Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau Tahun 2013/2014. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau, 1(02), 1–9.
Sari, P., Bulantika, S. Z., Utami, F. P., & Kholidin, F. I. (2020). Pengaruh Manajemen Stress dan Kelola Emosi Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa di Masa New Normal. Bulletin of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 2(2), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.51214/bocp.v2i2.44
Tari, M. A. T. S., Kamayani, M. O. A., & S, M. R. D. (2022). Hubungan Stres Akademik Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas Udayana. Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing, 10(2), 173. https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2022.v10.i02.p08
Taylor, D. J., Bramoweth, A. D., Grieser, E. A., Tatum, J. I., & Roane, B. M. (2013). Epidemiology of Insomnia in College Students: Relationship With Mental Health, Quality of Life, and Substance Use Difficulties. Behavior Therapy, 44(3), 339–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2012.12.001
Toscano-Hermoso, M. D., Arbinaga, F., Fernández-Ozcorta, E. J., Gómez-Salgado, J., & Ruiz-Frutos, C. (2020). Influence of Sleeping Patterns in Health and Academic Performance Among University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2760. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082760
Wang, H., & Fan, X. (2023). Academic Stress and Sleep Quality among Chinese Adolescents: Chain Mediating Effects of Anxiety and School Burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032219
Wardani, I. A. K., & Tiastiningsih, N. N. (2023). Gangguan Tidur Pada Penderita Gangguan Afektif Bipolar. Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan (JHPP), 1(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.61116/jhpp.v1i3.158
Widyaningrum, R., Sujoko, A. F., & Anggraeni, D. N. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Siswa MTS N 7 Batul di Era New Normal. Jurnal Kesehatan Madani Medika, 14(01), 50–57.
Williams, A. B., Dzierzewski, J. M., Griffin, S. C., Lind, M. J., Dick, D., & Rybarczyk, B. D. (2020). Insomnia Disorder and Behaviorally Induced Insufficient Sleep Syndrome: Prevalence and Relationship to Depression in College Students. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 18(2), 275–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2019.1578772
Yi, H., & Shin, K. (2006). Perkembangan Skala Kualitas Tidur. J. Sleep Res.
Zunhammer, M., Eichhammer, P., & Busch, V. (2014). Sleep Quality during Exam Stress: The Role of Alcohol, Caffeine and Nicotine. PLoS ONE, 9(10), e109490. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109490
Alfaiz, A., Juliawati, D., Yandri, H., & Ayumi, R. T. (2019). Efektivitas Relaksasi Teknik Meditasi untuk Membantu Siswa Mengatasi Stres sebelum Menghadapi Ujian Nasional. Indonesian Journal of Learning Education and Counseling, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31960/ijolec.v2i1.151
Alhamed, A. A. (2023). The Link Among Academic Stress, Sleep Disturbances, Depressive Symptoms, academic performance, and the moderating role of Resourcefulness in Health Professions Students During COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Professional Nursing, 46, 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2023.02.010
Alsolami, M. A., Almohammadi, N. H., Saed, H., Alasmari, M. A., & Aljadaani, H. M. (2020). 3 Classified Diagnosis of Sleep Disorders and 4 Treatment: A Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4(11), 001–006. https://doi.org/10.24911/IJMDC.51-1606756076
Amir, N. Y., Hamid, H., & Ridfah, A. (2023a). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Makassar. 1(12), 687–692. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10458739
Amir, N. Y., Hamid, H., & Ridfah, A. (2023b). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Makassar. Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(12), 687–692. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10458739
Aristawati, ananta, & Firdaus. (2020). Kecemasan Akademik Mahasiswa Menjelang Ujian Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 1(1), 73–80.
Busari, A. O. (n.d.). Academic stress among undergraduate students: Measuring the effects of stress inoculation techniques. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 599–609.
Cassady, J. C., & Johnson, R. E. (2002). Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27(2), 270–295. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2001.1094
Cassady, J. C., Pierson, E. E., & Starling, J. M. (2019). Predicting Student Depression With Measures of General and Academic Anxieties. Frontiers in Education, 4, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00011
De La Fuente, J., Peralta-Sánchez, F. J., Martínez-Vicente, J. M., Sander, P., Garzón-Umerenkova, A., & Zapata, L. (2020). Effects of Self-Regulation vs. External Regulation on the Factors and Symptoms of Academic Stress in Undergraduate Students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1773. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01773
Deng, J., Zhang, L., Cao, G., & Yin, H. (2023). Effects of Adolescent Academic Stress on Sleep Quality: Mediating Effect of Negative Affect and Moderating Role of Peer Relationships. Current Psychology, 42(6), 4381–4390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01803-7
Devi, C. B. P., Samreen, S., & Kumari, N. K. (2018). A Review on Insomnia: The Sleep Disorder. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 7(12), 227–230.
Do, S. H. (2022). Common Sleep Disorders in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. American Family Physician, 105(4), 398–405.
Fishstrom, S., Wang, H.-H., Bhat, B. H., Daniel, J., Dille, J., Capin, P., & Vaughn, S. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Academic Interventions on Academic Achievement and Academic Anxiety Outcomes in Elementary School Children. Journal of School Psychology, 92, 265–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2022.03.011
Ghawa, E. Y. D., Lidia, K., & Buntoro, I. F. (2021). Hubungan Antara Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Kualitas Tidur Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ), 9(2), 222–230. https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v9i2.5974
Goszal, I. M. P., & Yuwono, E. S. (2022). Keterkaitan Kecemasan Dengan Pola Tidur Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. Jurnal Spirit, 13(1), 15–22.
Han, K. S., Kim, L., & Shim, I. (2012). Stress and Sleep Disorder. Experimental Neurobiology, 21(4), 141–150. https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141
Herawati, K., & Gayatri, D. (2019). The Correlation Between Sleep Quality and Levels of Stress Among Students in Universitas Indonesia. Enfermería Clínica, 29, 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.044
Hotijah, S., Dewi, E. I., & Kurniyawan, E. H. (2021a). Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Baru Luar Pulau Jawa Universitas Jember. e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan, 9(2), 111–115.
Hotijah, S., Dewi, E. I., & Kurniyawan, E. H. (2021b). Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Baru Luar Pulau Jawa Universitas Jember. e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan, 9(2), 111–115.
Husnar, A. Z., Saniah, S., & Nashori, F. (2017). Harapan, Tawakal, dan Stres Akademik. Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 2(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v2i1.1179
Kalmbach, D. A., Anderson, J. R., & Drake, C. L. (2018). The impact of stress on sleep: Pathogenic sleep reactivity as a vulnerability to insomnia and circadian disorders. Journal of Sleep Research, 27(6), e12710. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12710
Kumar, V. M. (2008). Sleep and Sleep Disorders. Sleep Disorders, 50, 130–136.
Kusumastuti, D. (2020). Kecemasan dan Prestasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa. Analitika, 12(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.31289/analitika.v12i1.3110
Li, Y., Bai, W., Zhu, B., Duan, R., Yu, X., Xu, W., Wang, M., Hua, W., Yu, W., Li, W., & Kou, C. (2020). Prevalence and Correlates of Poor Sleep Quality Among college students: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18(1), 210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01465-2
Lisiswanti, R., Saputra, O., Sari, M. I., & Zafirah, N. H. (2019). Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. J Agromedicine, 6(1), 68–71.
Maisa, E. A., Andrial, A., Murni, D., & Sidaria, S. (2021a). Hubungan Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Program Alih Jenjang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 438. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1345
Maisa, E. A., Andrial, A., Murni, D., & Sidaria, S. (2021b). Hubungan Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Program Alih Jenjang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 438. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1345
Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumy, H., Sedek, H., Omar, H., & Ayman, S. (2023). Investigating the relationship of sleep quality and psychological factors among Health Professions students. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 19, 100581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100581
Noveni, N. A., Wijaya, D. A. P., Putri, M., & Rahmawati, P. (2022). Seberapa Besar Peran Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Stres Akademik Mahasiswa? Psychopolytan : Jurnal Psikologi, 6(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.36341/psi.v6i1.2694
Novitria, F., Khoirunnisa, & Riza Noviana. (2022). Perbedaan Kecemasan Akademik pada Mahasiswa Baru Jurusan Psikologi Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 9(1), 11–20.
Okechukwu, F. O., Ogba, K. T. U., Nwufo, J. I., Ogba, M. O., Onyekachi, B. N., Nwanosike, C. I., & Onyishi, A. B. (2022). Academic Stress and Suicidal Ideation: Moderating Roles of Coping Style and Resilience. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 546. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04063-2
Palasamy, J., Moorthy, S. K., Bodinagoda, N. M. R., Singam, P. T., & Ravi, P. (n.d.). Association between academic stress and sleep quality among undergraduate medical students. Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 7(1), 1-10.
Permata, K. A., & Widiasavitri, P. N. (2019). Hubungan Antara Kecemasan Akademik dan Sleep Paralysis pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana tahun Pertama. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 6(01), 1. https://doi.org/10.24843/JPU.2019.v06.i01.p01
Ramadita, A. M., Harsanti, I., & Harmoni, A. (2023). Pengaruh Stres Akademik Terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. Arjwa: Jurnal Psikologi, 2(4), 212–222. https://doi.org/10.35760/arjwa.2023.v2i4.9620
Sanitiara, Elda nazrianti, & Firdaus. (2014). Hubungan Kecemasan Akademis dengan Regulasi Diri Dalam Belajar Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau Tahun 2013/2014. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau, 1(02), 1–9.
Sari, P., Bulantika, S. Z., Utami, F. P., & Kholidin, F. I. (2020). Pengaruh Manajemen Stress dan Kelola Emosi Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa di Masa New Normal. Bulletin of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 2(2), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.51214/bocp.v2i2.44
Tari, M. A. T. S., Kamayani, M. O. A., & S, M. R. D. (2022). Hubungan Stres Akademik Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas Udayana. Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing, 10(2), 173. https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2022.v10.i02.p08
Taylor, D. J., Bramoweth, A. D., Grieser, E. A., Tatum, J. I., & Roane, B. M. (2013). Epidemiology of Insomnia in College Students: Relationship With Mental Health, Quality of Life, and Substance Use Difficulties. Behavior Therapy, 44(3), 339–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2012.12.001
Toscano-Hermoso, M. D., Arbinaga, F., Fernández-Ozcorta, E. J., Gómez-Salgado, J., & Ruiz-Frutos, C. (2020). Influence of Sleeping Patterns in Health and Academic Performance Among University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2760. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082760
Wang, H., & Fan, X. (2023). Academic Stress and Sleep Quality among Chinese Adolescents: Chain Mediating Effects of Anxiety and School Burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032219
Wardani, I. A. K., & Tiastiningsih, N. N. (2023). Gangguan Tidur Pada Penderita Gangguan Afektif Bipolar. Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan (JHPP), 1(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.61116/jhpp.v1i3.158
Widyaningrum, R., Sujoko, A. F., & Anggraeni, D. N. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Stres Akademik dengan Kualitas Tidur Siswa MTS N 7 Batul di Era New Normal. Jurnal Kesehatan Madani Medika, 14(01), 50–57.
Williams, A. B., Dzierzewski, J. M., Griffin, S. C., Lind, M. J., Dick, D., & Rybarczyk, B. D. (2020). Insomnia Disorder and Behaviorally Induced Insufficient Sleep Syndrome: Prevalence and Relationship to Depression in College Students. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 18(2), 275–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2019.1578772
Yi, H., & Shin, K. (2006). Perkembangan Skala Kualitas Tidur. J. Sleep Res.
Zunhammer, M., Eichhammer, P., & Busch, V. (2014). Sleep Quality during Exam Stress: The Role of Alcohol, Caffeine and Nicotine. PLoS ONE, 9(10), e109490. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109490
Authors
Rianti, N., Kholidin, F. I., & Yandri, H. (2024). Investigating the Interplay of Academic Stress, Anxiety, and Sleep Disturbances in College Students. Buletin Konseling Inovatif, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.17977/um059v4i12024p1-9
Copyright (c) 2024 Nuras Rianti, Farid Imam Kholidin, Hengki Yandri
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