Validity and Reliability of Instruments for Measuring Phubbing Behavior in High School and Equivalent Students
Abstract
These four causes of phubbing—smartphone addiction, internet addiction, social media addiction, and gaming addiction—are interconnected. The purpose of this article is to develop an instrument that counselors can use to determine the level of phubbing behavior among students in their school by testing its validity and reliability. The steps taken include: (1) determining aspects of the phubbing behavior scale, (2) formulating phubbing behavior scale indicators, (3) formulating phubbing behavior scale descriptors, (4) compiling phubbing behavior scale statement items, (5) testing validity, and (6) testing the reliability of the instrument. The 143 respondents consisted of students from several schools, including Maharani Pharmacy Vocational School Malang, National Vocational School Malang, State Senior High School 1 Gambiran, Widyagama High School Malang, Dr. Soetomo High School, and Vocational High School Darissulaimaniyyah. All respondent schools were located in East Java, Indonesia. After obtaining data from the students, it was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 to test the validity and reliability of the phubbing behavior scale. The phubbing behavior scale indicators were derived from aspects such as communication disorders and obsession with cell phones. The scale, initially composed of 23 statement items, was found to have one invalid item, number 13, after testing. Thus, the remaining valid items totaled 22.
References
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Riskijah, S. S. (2020). Influence Of Internal Labor Factors On Work Accidents Of XX Toll Road Construction Project. Jurnal Prokons, 14(2), 103–109.
Rosita, E., Hidayat, W., & Yuliani, W. (2021). Uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner perilaku prososial. FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan), 4(4), 279–284. https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v4i4.7413
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Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Syamsoedin, W. K. P., Bidjuni, H., & Wowiling, F. (2015). Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Media Sosial Dengan Kejadian Insomnia Pada Remaja di SMA Negeri 9 Manado. Jurnal Keperawatan, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.35790/jkp.v3i1.6691
Youarti, I. E., & Hidayah, N. (2018). Perilaku phubbing sebagai karakter remaja generasi Z. Jurnal Fokus Konseling, 4(1), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.52657/jfk.v4i1.553
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Yusup, F. (2018). Uji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen penelitian kuantitatif. Tarbiyah: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.18592/tarbiyah.v7i1.2100
Ang, C. S., Teo, K. M., Ong, Y. L., & Siak, S. L. (2019). Investigation of a Preliminary Mixed Method of Phubbing and Social Connectedness in Adolescents. Addiction & health, 11(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.22122/ahj.v11i1.539
Arikunto, S. (2013). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Azwar, S. (2010). Metode Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Chmielik, M. M., & Błachnio, A. (2021). Till phone do us part: The role of phubbing in relationship satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration, 27(2), 91–112. https://doi.org/10.18290/pepsi-2021-0009
Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via ponsel. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.018
Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). The effects of “phubbing” on social interaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48(6), 304–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12506.
Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). Measuring phone snubbing behavior: Development and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP). Computers in human behavior, 88, 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.020
Çıkrıkçı, Ö., Griffiths, M.D., & Erzen, E. (2022). Testing the Mediating Role of Phubbing in the Relationship Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Satisfaction with Life. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20, 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00115-z
Constantin, N., & Setijadi, N. (2023). Phubbing, Komunikasi Interpersonal, dan Etika Komunikasi dalam Masyarakat. Jurnal Lensa Mutiara Komunikasi, 7(2), 205–214. https://doi.org/10.51544/jlmk.v7i2.4648
Davey, S., Davey, A., Raghav, S. K., Singh, J. V., Singh, N., Blachnio, A., & Przepiórkaa, A. (2018). Predictors and consequences of "Phubbing" among adolescents and youth in India: An impact evaluation study. Journal of family & community medicine, 25(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_71_17
Deep, A., & Gochhait, S. (2023, March). Security In Smartphone: A Comparison of Viruses and Security Breaches in Phones and Computers. In 2023 International Conference on Innovative Data Communication Technologies and Application (ICIDCA) (pp. 746–751). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIDCA56705.2023.10100128
Fauzan, A. (2018). Analisis psikometrik instrumen phubbing dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Jakarta: Fakultas Psikologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
Ghazali, N. H. M. (2016). A Reliability and Validity of an Instrument to Evaluate the School-Based Assessment System: A Pilot Study. International journal of evaluation and research in education, 5(2), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v5i2.4533
Gunawan, I., & Sari, D. N. (2019, December). Validity and reliability of character education Internalization instruments. In The 4th International Conference on Education and Management (COEMA 2019) (pp. 245–249). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/coema-19.2019.50
Hallur, R. (2016). Google forms that made teacher’s life easier: An experience and experimentation. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 30(Special Issue).
Hanika, I. M. (2015). Fenomena phubbing di era milenia (ketergantungan seseorang pada ponsel terhadap lingkungannya). Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 4(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.4.1.42-51
Hanum, Z. (2021). Kemenkominfo: 89% Penduduk Indonesia Gunakan Smartphone (online), https://mediaindonesia.com/humaniora/389057/kemenkominfo-89-penduduk-indonesia-gunakan-smartphone. Diakses 18 Februari 2022
Karadag, E., Tosuntas, S. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Sahin, B. M., & Babadag, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural eqution model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(2), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.005.
Kılıç, S. (2016). Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient -. Journal of Mood Disorders, 6, 47.
Kimberlin, C. L., & Winterstein, A. G. (2008). Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research. American journal of health-system pharmacy, 65(23), 2276–2284.
Mohajan, H. K. (2017). Two criteria for good measurements in research: Validity and reliability. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 17(4), 59–82. https://doi.org/10.26458/1746
Nastiti, F. E., & Abdu, A. R. N. (2020). Kajian: Kesiapan pendidikan Indonesia Menghadapi Era Society 5.0. Edcomtech, 5(1), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.17977/um039v5i12020p061
OpenStax, B.I. (2018). Testing the Significance of the Correlation Coefficient.
Post M. W. (2016). What to Do With "Moderate" Reliability and Validity Coefficients?. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 97(7), 1051–1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.04.001
Priyatno, D. (2012). Cara Kilat Belajar Analisis Data dengan SPSS 20. Yogyakarta: Andi.
Riskijah, S. S. (2020). Influence Of Internal Labor Factors On Work Accidents Of XX Toll Road Construction Project. Jurnal Prokons, 14(2), 103–109.
Rosita, E., Hidayat, W., & Yuliani, W. (2021). Uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner perilaku prososial. FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan), 4(4), 279–284. https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v4i4.7413
Souza, A. C., Alexandre, N. M. C., & Guirardello, E. B. (2017). Psychometric properties in instruments evaluation of reliability and validity. Propriedades psicométricas na avaliação de instrumentos: avaliação da confiabilidade e da validade. Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, 26(3), 649–659. https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742017000300022
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Syamsoedin, W. K. P., Bidjuni, H., & Wowiling, F. (2015). Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Media Sosial Dengan Kejadian Insomnia Pada Remaja di SMA Negeri 9 Manado. Jurnal Keperawatan, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.35790/jkp.v3i1.6691
Youarti, I. E., & Hidayah, N. (2018). Perilaku phubbing sebagai karakter remaja generasi Z. Jurnal Fokus Konseling, 4(1), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.52657/jfk.v4i1.553
Yusuf, S. (2011). Psikologi Perkembangan Anak dan Remaja. Bandung : PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Yusup, F. (2018). Uji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen penelitian kuantitatif. Tarbiyah: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.18592/tarbiyah.v7i1.2100
Authors
Pratiwi, A. S., Setiyowati, A. J., & Khalid, F. (2024). Validity and Reliability of Instruments for Measuring Phubbing Behavior in High School and Equivalent Students. Buletin Konseling Inovatif, 4(2), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.17977/um059v4i22024p115-121
Copyright (c) 2024 Awalya Siska Pratiwi, Arbin Janu Setiyowati, Fariza Khalid
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