Penguatan Nilai Moral melalui Pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa pada Anak Usia Dini: Studi Kasus pada Dua Lembaga PAUD di Kabupaten Tuban

Abstract

This study aims to analyze teachers’ practices and challenges in integrating moral value formation through Javanese language learning among young children. The study was conducted over a six-month period at two early childhood education (ECE) institutions in Tuban Regency, namely TK A Semanding, located in a peri-urban area, and TK B Merakurak, located in a rural area. A qualitative approach with a comparative instrumental case study design was employed. Data were collected through structured observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and were subsequently analyzed using an interactive qualitative analysis process. The findings indicate that both schools encountered similar structural challenges, including a shift in children’s language use toward Indonesian, differences in habituation practices between school and home environments, and limited instructional media. The main difference was found in the effectiveness of didactic strategies. TK B Merakurak consistently implemented language negotiation, code-switching, child-friendly educational correction, and the integration of moral values into daily play activities. These practices were positively associated with the emergence of functional expressions of politeness among children, such as nyuwun tulung (please/help), matur nuwun (thank you), and nyuwun sewu (excuse me). In contrast, TK A Semanding continued to face challenges in effectively integrating moral values, particularly in the context of children’s high exposure to digital media. The study concludes that strengthening moral values through Javanese language learning requires well-planned didactic strategies, consistent teacher modelling, and active communication and collaboration between schools and parents.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik serta tantangan guru dalam mengintegrasikan penanaman nilai moral melalui pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa pada anak usia dini. Penelitian dilakukan selama enam bulan di dua lembaga PAUD Kabupaten Tuban, yaitu TK A Semanding (wilayah peri-urban) dan TK B Merakurak (wilayah perdesaan, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus instrumental komparatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi terstruktur, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan alur kualitatif interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua sekolah menghadapi tantangan struktural serupa, seperti pergeseran pola tutur anak ke Bahasa Indonesia, kesenjangan habituasi antara sekolah dan rumah, serta keterbatasan media pembelajaran. Perbedannya terletak pada efektivitas strategi didaktik: TK B Merakurak menerapkan negosiasi bahasa, alih kode, koreksi edukatif ramah, dan integrasi kegiatan bermain harian secara konsisten, yang berasosiasi positif dengan munculnya ungkapan santun fungsional anak (nyuwun tulung, matur nuwun, nyuwun sewu). Sebaliknya, TK A Semanding masih menghadapi kendala efektivitas integrasi moral akibat tingginya paparan media digital. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan nilai moral melalui Bahasa Jawa membutuhkan strategi didaktik yang terencana, keteladanan yang konsisten, serta sinergi komunikasi yang aktif antara pihak sekolah dan orang tua.